Three dimensional analysis of dye-sensitized, perovskite and monocrystalline silicon solar photovoltaic cells under non uniform solar flux

•Perovskite, DSSC and mono-si cells are investigated under non-uniform solar flux.•Perovskite efficiency reduces from 19 to 18% as wind azimuthal increases to 90°.•DSSC efficiency reduces from 12.1 to 11.9% as wind speed reduces from 5 to 0.2 m/s.•Perovskite efficiency reduces from 19.2 to 17.3% as wind speed reduces 5 to 0.2 m/s. For low/high concentration, when the distribution of solar radiation is non-uniform over the surface of the solar cell, it gets heated up non-uniformly which affects the cell efficiency. Thus, in the present work, three dimensional analysis of the solar cells is carried out under non-uniform solar flux. It involves partial differential equations. For silicon cells, studies are available that use numerical techniques (involving iterations) to solve the differential equations. However, if the differential equations can be solved analytically, one can get an analytical expression for three dimensional non-uniform temperature distribution of the cell. The current work aims at it. Dye-sensitized (DSSC), perovskite and mono-Si cells are investigated. The effects of wind direction, its speed, inclination and solar irradiance on the three dimensional temperature distribution, heat losses and cell efficiency have been investigated. It is concluded that with increase in wind azimuthal from 0° to 90°, the efficiency decreases from 22.1% to 21.3% for mono-Si, 19.0% to 18.0% for perovskite and 12.0% to 11.9% for DSSC.