Entre la democracia y la tecnocracia: El debate sobre la autonomía del Banco Central en Chile y Uruguay en tiempos del Consenso de Washington

[...]the shift towards autonomy was more limited when compared to Chile. To account for the dissimilar results, the focus is placed on the nature of the relationship that experts and politics have in each country, captured through the concept of the Political Knowledge Regime. Keywords: democracy; technocracy; political knowledge regime; central bank independence; Chile; Uruguay 1.Introducción: Los primeros países en contar con bancos estatales fueron Suecia (Sverige Riksbank, 1688), Inglaterra (Bank of England, 1694), Francia (Banque de France, 1800), Finlandia (Bank of Finland, 1811), Holanda (Nederlansche Bank, 1814), Austria (Austrian National Bank, 1816), Noruega (Norges Bank, 1816) y Dinamarca (Danmarks Nationalbank, 1818).