Correlation between urinary incontinence and psychosis in patients with advanced‐stage Parkinson’s disease

Objective To clarify the factors associated with psychosis in advanced‐stage Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods In this observational cross‐sectional study, we reviewed clinical personal records of patients with PD. They were classified as a stage 3 or above on the Hoehn and Yahr scale, and were treated as outpatients or inpatients at our institute between April 1, 2013, and November 30, 2013. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to discriminate PD with psychosis from PD without psychosis. Results The majority of patients with PD were female (male, 34; female, 57). Median age was 75.0 years (interquartile range: 67.0 to 80.0), and median duration of PD was 9 years (interquartile range: 5.0 to 13.0). Psychosis was diagnosed in 21 patients (23.1%): 19 had hallucinations and five had delusions. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that psychosis significantly correlated with the presence of urinary incontinence (UI) and dyskinesia. Conclusion In advanced‐stage PD, psychosis is related to UI and dyskinesia.