Disadvantages of living in a populous neighborhood for sit‐and‐wait predators: Competition for space reduces pit‐trap size in antlion larvae

The study of how trap design responds to biotic and abiotic conditions can help to understand the selective forces affecting the foraging of trap‐building organisms. We experimentally tested whether pit design can be modified by intraspecific competition for space in larvae of Myrmeleon crudelis, a...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ethology 2020-11, Vol.126 (11), p.1031-1037
Hauptverfasser: Farji‐Brener, Alejandro G., Juncosa‐Polzella, Agostina S., Tejada, Daniela Madrigal, Centeno‐Alvarado, Diego, Hernández‐Soto, Mariana, Soto‐Huaira, Mayori, Gutiérrez‐Cruz, Sebastián, Tregenza, Tom
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container_end_page 1037
container_issue 11
container_start_page 1031
container_title Ethology
container_volume 126
creator Farji‐Brener, Alejandro G.
Juncosa‐Polzella, Agostina S.
Tejada, Daniela Madrigal
Centeno‐Alvarado, Diego
Hernández‐Soto, Mariana
Soto‐Huaira, Mayori
Gutiérrez‐Cruz, Sebastián
Tregenza, Tom
description The study of how trap design responds to biotic and abiotic conditions can help to understand the selective forces affecting the foraging of trap‐building organisms. We experimentally tested whether pit design can be modified by intraspecific competition for space in larvae of Myrmeleon crudelis, a common sit‐and‐wait predator that digs conical pit traps in the soil to capture walking arthropods. In a tropical forest in Costa Rica, we measured pit dimensions, larval body size, and the level of competition (i.e., density of neighboring traps) in 40 antlion larvae. These larvae were then taken to the laboratory and allowed to build new traps in individual containers. We measured within‐individual changes in the size of traps in the field and in the laboratory, and related these to the level of competition experienced in the field. Larvae with relatively high levels of competition in the field showed a greater increase in the size of their pits in the laboratory. This change was independent of larval size. Larvae with none or few neighbors in the field showed little change in their pit sizes, whereas those with higher competition levels increased their diameter and depth up to 1,400% and 1,000%, respectively. Our results demonstrate that, at least in high‐density aggregations, pit design is restricted by competition in addition to the constraints imposed by body size. This work suggests that biotic interactions can play a role in the design of extended phenotypes in sit‐and‐wait predators that live in dense aggregations. We tested whether pit design is modified by intraspecific competition for space in Myrmeleon crudelis larvae, a sit‐and‐wait predator that digs conical pit traps in the soil to capture walking arthropods. Larvae with high level of competition at field were those that increased relatively more their pit size at laboratory, change that was independent of larval size. These results demonstrate that, at least in high‐density aggregations, pit design is restricted by competition in addition to the constraints imposed by body size.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/eth.13079
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Juncosa‐Polzella, Agostina S. ; Tejada, Daniela Madrigal ; Centeno‐Alvarado, Diego ; Hernández‐Soto, Mariana ; Soto‐Huaira, Mayori ; Gutiérrez‐Cruz, Sebastián ; Tregenza, Tom</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2979-b5fa04704239e48a37b49b491a71f6f78ddbb7d2b2ba0dd3d0e0161f834899923</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Arthropods</topic><topic>Body size</topic><topic>Competition</topic><topic>Containers</topic><topic>Density</topic><topic>Design</topic><topic>Design modifications</topic><topic>Diameters</topic><topic>extended phenotype</topic><topic>intraspecific competition</topic><topic>La Selva Biological Station</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Larvae</topic><topic>Myrmeleon crudelis</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Predators</topic><topic>Traps</topic><topic>Tropical forests</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Farji‐Brener, Alejandro G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Juncosa‐Polzella, Agostina S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tejada, Daniela Madrigal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Centeno‐Alvarado, Diego</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hernández‐Soto, Mariana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soto‐Huaira, Mayori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gutiérrez‐Cruz, Sebastián</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tregenza, Tom</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Ethology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Farji‐Brener, Alejandro G.</au><au>Juncosa‐Polzella, Agostina S.</au><au>Tejada, Daniela Madrigal</au><au>Centeno‐Alvarado, Diego</au><au>Hernández‐Soto, Mariana</au><au>Soto‐Huaira, Mayori</au><au>Gutiérrez‐Cruz, Sebastián</au><au>Tregenza, Tom</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Disadvantages of living in a populous neighborhood for sit‐and‐wait predators: Competition for space reduces pit‐trap size in antlion larvae</atitle><jtitle>Ethology</jtitle><date>2020-11</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>126</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1031</spage><epage>1037</epage><pages>1031-1037</pages><issn>0179-1613</issn><eissn>1439-0310</eissn><abstract>The study of how trap design responds to biotic and abiotic conditions can help to understand the selective forces affecting the foraging of trap‐building organisms. We experimentally tested whether pit design can be modified by intraspecific competition for space in larvae of Myrmeleon crudelis, a common sit‐and‐wait predator that digs conical pit traps in the soil to capture walking arthropods. In a tropical forest in Costa Rica, we measured pit dimensions, larval body size, and the level of competition (i.e., density of neighboring traps) in 40 antlion larvae. These larvae were then taken to the laboratory and allowed to build new traps in individual containers. We measured within‐individual changes in the size of traps in the field and in the laboratory, and related these to the level of competition experienced in the field. Larvae with relatively high levels of competition in the field showed a greater increase in the size of their pits in the laboratory. This change was independent of larval size. Larvae with none or few neighbors in the field showed little change in their pit sizes, whereas those with higher competition levels increased their diameter and depth up to 1,400% and 1,000%, respectively. Our results demonstrate that, at least in high‐density aggregations, pit design is restricted by competition in addition to the constraints imposed by body size. This work suggests that biotic interactions can play a role in the design of extended phenotypes in sit‐and‐wait predators that live in dense aggregations. We tested whether pit design is modified by intraspecific competition for space in Myrmeleon crudelis larvae, a sit‐and‐wait predator that digs conical pit traps in the soil to capture walking arthropods. Larvae with high level of competition at field were those that increased relatively more their pit size at laboratory, change that was independent of larval size. 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source Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete
subjects Arthropods
Body size
Competition
Containers
Density
Design
Design modifications
Diameters
extended phenotype
intraspecific competition
La Selva Biological Station
Laboratories
Larvae
Myrmeleon crudelis
Phenotypes
Predators
Traps
Tropical forests
title Disadvantages of living in a populous neighborhood for sit‐and‐wait predators: Competition for space reduces pit‐trap size in antlion larvae
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