From the development of methods for fitting photoemission spectra to their practical applications: bridging the gap

We compiled results from the implementation of the practical methods for backgrounds subtraction and the modelling of line-shape in photoemission spectra of catalysis and carbon nanostructures. The methods include the Shirley–Vegh– Salvi–Castle (SVSC) and slope for background subtraction, and the double Lorentzian line-shape for case when asymmetry was found in the spectra. To allow optimization of background and line-shape during the fitting, the active- approach was used. The advantages of the use of these practical methods under the active-approach were evidenced from the photoemission areas, allowing the assessment of the sulfidation extent AMo3d-MoS2/AMo3d_Total in the case of catalysis and from the graphitization index Asp3 /Asp2, for carbon nanostructures.