Prisoner Labor Throughout the Life Cycle of Disasters

Disaster impacts are on the rise, along with the costs to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from these events. Inmates housed in prisons are a source of low‐cost labor for various tasks before, during, and after disasters. However, little is known about whether states plan to use inmate...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Risk, hazards & crisis in public policy hazards & crisis in public policy, 2020-09, Vol.11 (3), p.296-319
Hauptverfasser: Purdum, J. Carlee, Meyer, Michelle A.
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:Disaster impacts are on the rise, along with the costs to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from these events. Inmates housed in prisons are a source of low‐cost labor for various tasks before, during, and after disasters. However, little is known about whether states plan to use inmate labor for emergency management needs. This paper responds to this gap through a content analysis of the inclusion of inmates as a labor resource in U.S. state‐level Emergency Operations Plans. Results show a majority of states include inmates in their plans and that inmates are a source of labor throughout the entire life cycle of a disaster. Further, planning documents include 34 different tasks that inmates may be assigned. States’ disaster experience, rates of incarceration, rates of minority incarceration, imprisonment costs, and region related to the inclusion of inmate labor in these plans. This research raises questions about how inmate labor may offset against the rising costs of disasters during a time when mass incarceration is under increased scrutiny. Furthermore, prisoners, who are disproportionately poor and minority, may be exposed to undue risks from this labor if the plans are implemented as written—increasing their social vulnerability to disasters. 贯穿灾害周期的囚犯劳动 灾害影响正在攀升, 同时对灾害事件进行预备、响应和恢复所需的成本也在增加。美国和全球的应急管理机构可能会依赖关押在矫正机构的囚犯, 将其作为灾害前、中、后期不同任务的廉价劳动力供应。然而这一实践还未被全面研究。本文通过对美国州级应急行动预案中对囚犯的安排和描述进行内容分析, 从而填补了该研究空白。研究结果显示, 大多数州都期望囚犯劳力在整个灾害周期内进行协助, 而不仅限于应急响应期间。此外, 囚犯还要参与应急管理四个阶段中的34项任务。各州的灾害经验、关押率、弱势群体关押率、关押成本、以及地区位置都与应急预案中对囚犯劳力的安排相关。本研究对“大量囚犯被监视力度加大期间, 囚犯劳力作为一种应对不断攀升的自然灾害成本的补偿手段”提出疑问。此外, 那些尤其贫困和弱势的囚犯可能会在劳动期间暴露在过多的风险之下, 进而增加其面对灾害的社会脆弱性。 Trabajo penitenciario en todo el ciclo de vida de los desastres Los impactos de los desastres van en aumento, junto con los costos de preparación, respuesta y recuperación de estos eventos. Las agencias de manejo de emergencias en todo Estados Unidos y el mundo pueden depender de los reclusos alojados en instituciones correccionales como suministro de mano de obra barata para diversas tareas antes, durante y después de los desastres. Esta práctica, sin embargo, no se ha descrito exhaustivamente. Este documento aborda esta brecha a través de un análisis de contenido de la inclusión y descripción del trabajo de los reclusos en los planes de operaciones de emergencia a nivel estatal de los Estados Unidos. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los estados esperan que el trabajo de los internos ayude durante todo el cicl
ISSN:1944-4079
1944-4079
DOI:10.1002/rhc3.12191