An Authenticated Quantum Dialog Protocol with Three-Particle Entangled States Using Subset of Intersection Method

In this paper, we propose a mutual authenticated quantum key agreement scheme based on three-particle entangled states, which can achieve both completely secure and more efficient. In our scheme, the shared keys are classical bit strings between the trusted third party Charlie and the client (Alice or Bob), so they are kept and use to authenticate each other easily. More important, by the Charlie’s helping with three-particle entangled states using subset of intersection method, Charlie and Alice/Bob can authenticate each other, and at the same time anyone else cannot get the session key between Alice and Bob even Charlie. The proposed scheme has the properties of completeness, information theoretic security, non-repudiation and unforgeability. Its information-theoretic security is ensured by quantum indistinguishability mechanics. On the other hand, our scheme is more efficient than the similar schemes.