Reality of trans-identity in Benin and social reactions: Analysis based on a national survey in 2017

Abstract Background Transgender individuals are a key population recognized transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with higher risks of infection. Adoption of risky behaviours would be strategies of coping to face psychological disorders related to the social consequences of gender transition. To address their specific health needs in Benin, this study describes transgenderism and social reactions. Methods Through a cross sectional design, subjects were recruited by respondent-driven sampling from networks selected in the whole of the country in 2017. Subjects included were above 15 years old who identify themselves as transgender. Data was collected via questionnaires with variables related to the individual management of gender affirmation, social reactions, and risky behaviours. Results A total of 326 transgender individuals were identified with a majority of subjects being originally of the male gender (89.57%). The average age was 24.13±4.88 with a strong representation of schoolchildren and students (36.50%). In 64.72% of the cases, the family was informed of the trans-identity. The overall attitude of the family was of acceptance/support in 7 cases out of 10. Stigmatization and discrimination are reported by 50% of the subjects and 59.02% have been subjected to at least one assault. Among these, half had no appeal initiative and the main reason would be the absence/non-knowledge of legal remedy. Sexual multi-partnership which is the most common risky behaviour occurred in 81.54% of the cases. Conclusions Transgender people exist and constitute a population with specific needs in Benin. The services dedicated to this target must integrate the prevention of STIs/HIV but also legal, social and psychological support. Key messages Transgenderism in Benin mainly concerns young male subjects. Prevention programs should also be focused on social and psychological aspects to manage the identity transition that constitute a key step of shifting into risky behaviours.