Ehl-i Tasavvufun lbnu'l-Arabi'ye Yonelik Tenkitleri: Alauddevle Simnani Ornegi

'Alā' al-Dawla al-Simnānī (d. 736/1336) was a Kubrawî sheikh lived in Simnān one hundred years after Ibn al-Arabī (d. 638/1240). He authored around ninety works in Arabic and Persian on various fields within Sufism, raised many disciples. His contribution to the sūfī tradition mainly come to forefront regarding problems like unity, latāif (subtle organs), rijāl al-ghaib (men of the unseen), wāqia (dream-like mystical experiences) and tajallī(manifestation). Simnānī's understanding of the unity influenced subsequent sūfī's and specifically Ahmad Sirhindī (d. 1034/1624) and his sheikh Baqibillah's (d. 1012/1603) views of the unity overlap with Simnānī's one. In Maktūbāt, Sirhindî who developed the idea of unity of the seen against the unity of the existence expresses that his understanding of being is the same with Simnānī's one. Simnānī is also known as the first critic of Ibn al-Arabī's conception of the unity among sūfī's. Such that, whenever his name is mentioned the first thing comes to one's mind has been his criticism against Ibn alArabī. However, his criticism against Ibn al-Arabī was not studied as a whole looking at his ouvre. Studying Simnānī's works, it is seen that his criticism is concentrated on two main problems. First is Ibn al-Arabī's employing the concept wujūd al-mutlaq (absolute being) for God. He maintains that it is not convenient to use this concept for al-Haq. His second criticism is against a sentence mentioned in al-Futūhāt. ... . In this article, causes for Simnānī's critiques will be discussed and both sūfi's conceptions of wujūd al-mutlaq and 'ayn (quintessence) will be studied.