Structural, Morphological and Biological Features of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Hyphaene thebaica (L.) Mart. Fruits

Pure zinc oxide NPs (ZnO NPs) have been synthesized using a simple eco-friendly approach using fruit extracts of Hyphaene thebaica . XRD pattern indicated zincite and highly crystalline phase of ZnO NPs. UV–Vis spectrum revealed surface plasmon resonance at 372 nm and bandgap of 3.36 eV. FTIR spectrum indicated characteristic Zn–O vibration at 450 cm −1 . HRTEM images indicated particle size in the range of 8–23 nm having a quasi spherical morphology. Raman shift was observed at 297 cm −1 , 405 cm −1 and 548 cm −1 . Excellent protein kinase (PK) inhibition and varying antimicrobial potential against different bacterial and fungal strains is reported. E. coli and A. flavus were found as the most susceptible microbial strains. Hemocompatability of the ZnO NPs was revealed. ZnO NPs indicated a dose dependant cytotoxicity. MTT assay revealed a median lethal concentration (IC 50 ) of 106 µg/mL against Leishmania tropica . Different antioxidant assays indicated the antioxidant potential of ZnO NPs. Hyphaene thebaica mediated ZnO NPs revealed excellent therapeutic performance and can used as a potential candidate for diverse biomedical applications. Graphic Abstract