Microbial Activities Response to Contamination in Soil and Sediments Rich in As Surrounding an Industrial Gold Mine

Gold mines are widely recognized as important sources of arsenic (As) pollution and this work proposes the use of in situ microbial community enzymatic response to assess the risk of As in soil and sediments surrounding “Morro do Ouro,” the largest industrial gold mine in Brazil. Bacterial community...

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Veröffentlicht in:Water, air, and soil pollution air, and soil pollution, 2020-07, Vol.231 (7), Article 366
Hauptverfasser: Sabadini-Santos, Elisamara, Castilhos, Zuleica Carmen, Bidone, Edison Dausacker
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creator Sabadini-Santos, Elisamara
Castilhos, Zuleica Carmen
Bidone, Edison Dausacker
description Gold mines are widely recognized as important sources of arsenic (As) pollution and this work proposes the use of in situ microbial community enzymatic response to assess the risk of As in soil and sediments surrounding “Morro do Ouro,” the largest industrial gold mine in Brazil. Bacterial community exposed to high metals concentrations deviates energy from growth to cell maintenance modifying enzymatic activity response. Even if the number of bacterial cells presented in soil and sediment samples was in the same order of 10 7  cell cm −3 , it declines in sediment samples closer to a mining area. Dehydrogenase activity (DHA) showed the same trend, suggesting inhibition by toxic effect of metals, while esterase activities (EST) behaved in the opposite way, representative of increasing energy demand by the community under environmental stress. The Quality Ratio (QR) index for environmental risk assessment was applied to integrate geochemical (grain size, total organic carbon contents, and metals as indicators of complex contamination) and microbial parameters (DHA—energy production into cell and EST—hydrolase organic matter outside the cell membrane). QR indicated that the risk associated with soil and sediment is driven by As levels and decreases from the mine facilities.
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Bacterial community exposed to high metals concentrations deviates energy from growth to cell maintenance modifying enzymatic activity response. Even if the number of bacterial cells presented in soil and sediment samples was in the same order of 10 7  cell cm −3 , it declines in sediment samples closer to a mining area. Dehydrogenase activity (DHA) showed the same trend, suggesting inhibition by toxic effect of metals, while esterase activities (EST) behaved in the opposite way, representative of increasing energy demand by the community under environmental stress. The Quality Ratio (QR) index for environmental risk assessment was applied to integrate geochemical (grain size, total organic carbon contents, and metals as indicators of complex contamination) and microbial parameters (DHA—energy production into cell and EST—hydrolase organic matter outside the cell membrane). 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subjects Arsenic
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Cell membranes
Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Coordination compounds
Earth and Environmental Science
Energy
Energy demand
Environment
Environmental assessment
Environmental monitoring
Environmental risk
Environmental stress
Enzymatic activity
Enzyme activity
Enzymes
Esterase
Esterases
Gold
Gold mines & mining
Gold mines and mining
Grain size
Heavy metals
Hydrogeology
Hydrolase
Metal concentrations
Metals
Microbial contamination
Microorganisms
Organic carbon
Organic matter
Pollution
Pollution sources
Risk assessment
Sediment
Sediment samplers
Sediment samples
Sediments
Sediments (Geology)
Soil
Soil contamination
Soil microbiology
Soil pollution
Soil Science & Conservation
Soils
Total organic carbon
Water Quality/Water Pollution
title Microbial Activities Response to Contamination in Soil and Sediments Rich in As Surrounding an Industrial Gold Mine
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