Incident and reflected two waves correlation with cancellous bone structure

[...]analyzing fast and slow waves might improve the measurement accuracy of pulse echo technique compared to using single mode wave to estimate bone quality. [...]the pulse echo (PE) evaluation technique is suggested to resolve these complications, since the technique simply uses single transducer, where it much easier to evaluate bone assessment at the hip and backbone. [...]the accuracy of PE technique is still not powerful compared to TT technique because of the complex behavior of reflected and backscattered wave relation with inhomogeneity of cancellous bone. [...]using the finite difference time domain simulation (FDTD), Hosokawa demonstrate that, fast and slow wave can be isolated from reflected/backscattered wave and related more with bone porosity and this finding might improve the PE technique for bone quality estimation [3, 13-15]. [...]the objective of this paper is to perform a 2-dimentional (2-D) simulation using PE technique to examine the relationship of fast and slow wave with structure orientation, porosity, and thicknesses of cancellous bone models and the result is compared with TT technique.