Near Infrared Spectroscopy—Advanced Analytical Tool in Wheat Breeding, Trade, and Processing

Due to its suitability to be processed in wide range of final products, wheat has an upmost significance among all cereals. The global wheat marketing are becoming increasingly demanding with regard to all aspects of wheat quality. To fulfil these demands, each link in wheat production chain—breeding, trade, and processing should be supported by objective and reliable quality assessment tool such as the near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique. The aim of this paper is to summarize the recent advances in the applications of NIRS technique for wheat quality control applicable in wheat breeding, trade, and processing. Although heavily intertwined, each link is characterized by specific NIRS applications, with ultimate aim—the production of consumer-appealing and safe final products.