Optimization of hydroxymethylcellulose and sodium CMC of transdermal patch of antihypertension “Hortus Medicus” and transport through membrane using franz diffusion cell method

The Center for Research and Development of Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicines Tawangmangu has antihypertensive herbs consists of Apium graveolens leaves, Centella asiatica leaves, Phyllantus nurinaria leaves, Orthosipon aristatus, Curcuma longa Roxb, and Curcuma xanthoriza Roxb. Antihypertensive herbs extract at dose of 72 mg/Kg BB was effective to reduce blood pressure in rats. Oral administration has less practical, taste and aroma were less preferred, and the frequency was more often. Transdermal patch was expected to overcome these problems. Polymers were most important component in matrix system, so this study would combine HPMC and Sodium CMC in order to produce smooth, flexible, and give more quickly drug release of matrix patch. Optimal proportion of HPMC and Sodium CMC by observing weight and loss on drying using D-optimal method. Optimal formula would be tested for physical properties, drug release, and permeation. The herbs were infused with distilled water at 90 °C for 15 minutes then evaporated to obtain a thick extract. Design Expert software would produce 13 formulas. The observed responses were weight and loss on drying. The optimal formula was verified using One Sample T-Test. The optimal formula would be tested for organoleptic, pH, thickness, folding endurance, drug release using modified type 5 apparatus, and permeation using modified Franz diffusion cells. Optimal proportion of HPMC and Sodium CMC were 219.7: 180.3 mg with desirability value of 0.98. The optimal formula produced weight of 1.54±0.02 g with drying loss of 40.72±2.45% and did not differ significantly with the predicted value from Design Expert (p-value >0.05). The physical properties of optimal formula matrix patch showed that the color was black with circle shaped and flexible; pH value 7.29±0.09; thickness 0.64±0.05 mm; and folding endurance >350. The average percentage of total flavonoids that released from the matrix patch was 30.89% during 5 hours. The weight of total flavonoids were transported through a cellophane membrane of 117.57 mg and the cumulative amount of flavonoid total per unit area was 66.57 g/cm2 during 5 hours. Membrane permeability was 3.29x10-6 cm/sec and the value of flux penetration was 3.7x10 -6 mg/sec/cm2