Better off dead: assessment of aquatic disinfectants and thermal shock treatments to prevent the spread of invasive freshwater bivalves
Biosecurity protocols designed to prevent further spread of invasive alien species have become a key component of invader management strategies. Yet, the species-specific efficacy of many biosecurity treatments are frequently unclear or unknown. Invasive quagga, Dreissena bugensis , and zebra mussel...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Wetlands ecology and management 2020-04, Vol.28 (2), p.285-295 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Biosecurity protocols designed to prevent further spread of invasive alien species have become a key component of invader management strategies. Yet, the species-specific efficacy of many biosecurity treatments are frequently unclear or unknown. Invasive quagga,
Dreissena bugensis
, and zebra mussels,
D. polymorpha
, are a serious threat to freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Here, we examine the effectiveness of immersion (≤ 90 min) within 2% or 4% solutions for two commonly used disinfectants (Virasure® Aquatic and Virkon® Aquatic) to cause mortality of adult
Dreissena
bivalves
.
Further, we assessed the effectiveness of thermal treatments: steam spray (≥ 100 °C; ≤ 120 s); hot air (− 500 °C; ≤ 60 s); and dry ice exposure (− 78 °C; ≤ 300 g; 15 min). Complete mortality of
D. polymorpha
was observed following exposure to both disinfectants for 90 min, at both concentrations. However, high but incomplete mortality (40–90%) was recorded for
D. bugensis
across disinfectant treatments. For both species, complete mortality was achieved following 30 s of steam. In addition, 10 s of hot air and 15 min exposure to 300 g of dry ice can both completely killed groups of
D. polymorpha
. Overall, although the disinfectants did not cause complete mortality, it appears that relatively brief exposure to thermal treatments could be used to curtail the further spread of
Dreissena
species. |
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ISSN: | 0923-4861 1572-9834 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s11273-020-09713-4 |