Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation as a Climate Adaptation Strategy for Establishment of Swietenia macrophylla King. Seedlings
Research Highlights: Drought stress significantly decreased the performance of seedlings in the nursery. Seedlings inoculated with Claroideoglomus etunicatum is recommended to produce superior planting stock of mahogany seedlings with better drought resistance in the nursery. Background and Objectiv...
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description | Research Highlights: Drought stress significantly decreased the performance of seedlings in the nursery. Seedlings inoculated with Claroideoglomus etunicatum is recommended to produce superior planting stock of mahogany seedlings with better drought resistance in the nursery. Background and Objectives: With numerous intense droughts across tropical regions due to climate change, it is crucial to understand effects of drought stress on tree seedlings to improve crop management practices and avoid failures on large scale planting. Swietenia macrophylla, a commercial timber species in India, is poorly studied in relation to its management including physiological responses to various environmental stresses. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is known to improve performance of tree seedlings under drought conditions and produce quality planting stock in nursery. This study aims to understand the responses of mahogany seedlings under different levels of drought stress when inoculated with three types of AMF, namely Funneliformis mosseae, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and Rhizophagus intraradices. Materials and Methods: The experiment is conducted in pot culture using a factorial completely randomized design. Different irrigation regimes were applied at 100, 80, 60, and 40 percentage of weekly cumulative evapotranspiration. The seedlings were tested for biometric, physiological, and mycorrhizal parameters periodically. Results: Physiological attributes such as rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, and water potential were found to be higher in the daily irrigated (control) seedlings. Performance of the seedlings were poorest in the least irrigated treatment. It was apparent that inoculated seedlings performed better than the non-inoculated ones. Conclusions: Among the three different AMF species used, C. etunicatum was found to be the most beneficial and suitable for the young mahogany seedlings. These seedlings also recorded higher root colonization percentage and total spore count in the rhizosphere soils. Seedlings inoculated with C. etunicatum showed positive influence on rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, relative growth rate (RGR) and water potential of seedlings. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/f11050488 |
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Seedlings</title><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><creator>Rajan, Lakshmy J. ; A. V., Santhoshkumar ; K., Surendra Gopal ; T. K., Kunhamu</creator><creatorcontrib>Rajan, Lakshmy J. ; A. V., Santhoshkumar ; K., Surendra Gopal ; T. K., Kunhamu</creatorcontrib><description>Research Highlights: Drought stress significantly decreased the performance of seedlings in the nursery. Seedlings inoculated with Claroideoglomus etunicatum is recommended to produce superior planting stock of mahogany seedlings with better drought resistance in the nursery. Background and Objectives: With numerous intense droughts across tropical regions due to climate change, it is crucial to understand effects of drought stress on tree seedlings to improve crop management practices and avoid failures on large scale planting. Swietenia macrophylla, a commercial timber species in India, is poorly studied in relation to its management including physiological responses to various environmental stresses. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is known to improve performance of tree seedlings under drought conditions and produce quality planting stock in nursery. This study aims to understand the responses of mahogany seedlings under different levels of drought stress when inoculated with three types of AMF, namely Funneliformis mosseae, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and Rhizophagus intraradices. Materials and Methods: The experiment is conducted in pot culture using a factorial completely randomized design. Different irrigation regimes were applied at 100, 80, 60, and 40 percentage of weekly cumulative evapotranspiration. The seedlings were tested for biometric, physiological, and mycorrhizal parameters periodically. Results: Physiological attributes such as rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, and water potential were found to be higher in the daily irrigated (control) seedlings. Performance of the seedlings were poorest in the least irrigated treatment. It was apparent that inoculated seedlings performed better than the non-inoculated ones. Conclusions: Among the three different AMF species used, C. etunicatum was found to be the most beneficial and suitable for the young mahogany seedlings. These seedlings also recorded higher root colonization percentage and total spore count in the rhizosphere soils. Seedlings inoculated with C. etunicatum showed positive influence on rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, relative growth rate (RGR) and water potential of seedlings.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1999-4907</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1999-4907</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/f11050488</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Arbuscular mycorrhizas ; Chlorophyll ; Claroideoglomus etunicatum ; Climate adaptation ; Climate change ; Colonization ; Commercial species ; Conductance ; Corn ; Crop diseases ; Crop management ; Drought ; Drought resistance ; Environmental conditions ; Environmental stress ; Evapotranspiration ; Experiments ; Fungi ; Growth rate ; Inoculation ; Irrigation ; Mahogany ; Observatories ; Performance enhancement ; Photosynthesis ; Physiological responses ; Physiology ; Planting ; Resistance ; Rhizosphere ; Seedlings ; Stomata ; Stomatal conductance ; Swietenia ; Swietenia macrophylla ; Transpiration ; Tropical environment ; Tropical environments ; Water potential</subject><ispartof>Forests, 2020-05, Vol.11 (5), p.488</ispartof><rights>2020. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2078-2ff809063622840f2ec3a6d187c780b4dbaeb1c2770ce16a363f4ba219ebd3643</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2078-2ff809063622840f2ec3a6d187c780b4dbaeb1c2770ce16a363f4ba219ebd3643</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8598-7876 ; 0000-0003-4253-8581</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rajan, Lakshmy J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>A. V., Santhoshkumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>K., Surendra Gopal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>T. K., Kunhamu</creatorcontrib><title>Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation as a Climate Adaptation Strategy for Establishment of Swietenia macrophylla King. Seedlings</title><title>Forests</title><description>Research Highlights: Drought stress significantly decreased the performance of seedlings in the nursery. Seedlings inoculated with Claroideoglomus etunicatum is recommended to produce superior planting stock of mahogany seedlings with better drought resistance in the nursery. Background and Objectives: With numerous intense droughts across tropical regions due to climate change, it is crucial to understand effects of drought stress on tree seedlings to improve crop management practices and avoid failures on large scale planting. Swietenia macrophylla, a commercial timber species in India, is poorly studied in relation to its management including physiological responses to various environmental stresses. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is known to improve performance of tree seedlings under drought conditions and produce quality planting stock in nursery. This study aims to understand the responses of mahogany seedlings under different levels of drought stress when inoculated with three types of AMF, namely Funneliformis mosseae, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and Rhizophagus intraradices. Materials and Methods: The experiment is conducted in pot culture using a factorial completely randomized design. Different irrigation regimes were applied at 100, 80, 60, and 40 percentage of weekly cumulative evapotranspiration. The seedlings were tested for biometric, physiological, and mycorrhizal parameters periodically. Results: Physiological attributes such as rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, and water potential were found to be higher in the daily irrigated (control) seedlings. Performance of the seedlings were poorest in the least irrigated treatment. It was apparent that inoculated seedlings performed better than the non-inoculated ones. Conclusions: Among the three different AMF species used, C. etunicatum was found to be the most beneficial and suitable for the young mahogany seedlings. These seedlings also recorded higher root colonization percentage and total spore count in the rhizosphere soils. Seedlings inoculated with C. etunicatum showed positive influence on rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, relative growth rate (RGR) and water potential of seedlings.</description><subject>Arbuscular mycorrhizas</subject><subject>Chlorophyll</subject><subject>Claroideoglomus etunicatum</subject><subject>Climate adaptation</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Colonization</subject><subject>Commercial species</subject><subject>Conductance</subject><subject>Corn</subject><subject>Crop diseases</subject><subject>Crop management</subject><subject>Drought</subject><subject>Drought resistance</subject><subject>Environmental conditions</subject><subject>Environmental stress</subject><subject>Evapotranspiration</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Inoculation</subject><subject>Irrigation</subject><subject>Mahogany</subject><subject>Observatories</subject><subject>Performance enhancement</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Physiological responses</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Planting</subject><subject>Resistance</subject><subject>Rhizosphere</subject><subject>Seedlings</subject><subject>Stomata</subject><subject>Stomatal conductance</subject><subject>Swietenia</subject><subject>Swietenia macrophylla</subject><subject>Transpiration</subject><subject>Tropical environment</subject><subject>Tropical environments</subject><subject>Water potential</subject><issn>1999-4907</issn><issn>1999-4907</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUE1LAzEQDaJgqT34DwKePGzNxzabHEtptVjxUD0v2WzSpqSbNcki69kf7paKOJd5vHnMm3kA3GI0pVSgB4MxmqGc8wswwkKILBeouPyHr8EkxgMaalZwQfIR-J6HqouqczLAl175EPb2Szq46pqdhevGn0bJ-gbKCCVcOHuUScN5Ldt05rcpDMyuh8YHuIxJVs7G_VE3CXoDt59WJ91YCY9SBd_ue-ckfLbNbgq3WtduQPEGXBnpop789jF4Xy3fFk_Z5vVxvZhvMkVQwTNiDEcCMcoI4TkyRCsqWY15oQqOqryupK6wIkWBlMZMUkZNXkmCha5qynI6BnfnvW3wH52OqTz4LjSDZUmoYAwxzvGguj-rhntjDNqUbRi-Dn2JUXnKufzLmf4Ajrhw7w</recordid><startdate>20200501</startdate><enddate>20200501</enddate><creator>Rajan, Lakshmy J.</creator><creator>A. 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K., Kunhamu</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-7876</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4253-8581</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200501</creationdate><title>Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation as a Climate Adaptation Strategy for Establishment of Swietenia macrophylla King. Seedlings</title><author>Rajan, Lakshmy J. ; A. V., Santhoshkumar ; K., Surendra Gopal ; T. 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V., Santhoshkumar</au><au>K., Surendra Gopal</au><au>T. K., Kunhamu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation as a Climate Adaptation Strategy for Establishment of Swietenia macrophylla King. Seedlings</atitle><jtitle>Forests</jtitle><date>2020-05-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>488</spage><pages>488-</pages><issn>1999-4907</issn><eissn>1999-4907</eissn><abstract>Research Highlights: Drought stress significantly decreased the performance of seedlings in the nursery. Seedlings inoculated with Claroideoglomus etunicatum is recommended to produce superior planting stock of mahogany seedlings with better drought resistance in the nursery. Background and Objectives: With numerous intense droughts across tropical regions due to climate change, it is crucial to understand effects of drought stress on tree seedlings to improve crop management practices and avoid failures on large scale planting. Swietenia macrophylla, a commercial timber species in India, is poorly studied in relation to its management including physiological responses to various environmental stresses. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is known to improve performance of tree seedlings under drought conditions and produce quality planting stock in nursery. This study aims to understand the responses of mahogany seedlings under different levels of drought stress when inoculated with three types of AMF, namely Funneliformis mosseae, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and Rhizophagus intraradices. Materials and Methods: The experiment is conducted in pot culture using a factorial completely randomized design. Different irrigation regimes were applied at 100, 80, 60, and 40 percentage of weekly cumulative evapotranspiration. The seedlings were tested for biometric, physiological, and mycorrhizal parameters periodically. Results: Physiological attributes such as rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, and water potential were found to be higher in the daily irrigated (control) seedlings. Performance of the seedlings were poorest in the least irrigated treatment. It was apparent that inoculated seedlings performed better than the non-inoculated ones. Conclusions: Among the three different AMF species used, C. etunicatum was found to be the most beneficial and suitable for the young mahogany seedlings. These seedlings also recorded higher root colonization percentage and total spore count in the rhizosphere soils. Seedlings inoculated with C. etunicatum showed positive influence on rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, relative growth rate (RGR) and water potential of seedlings.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/f11050488</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-7876</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4253-8581</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Arbuscular mycorrhizas Chlorophyll Claroideoglomus etunicatum Climate adaptation Climate change Colonization Commercial species Conductance Corn Crop diseases Crop management Drought Drought resistance Environmental conditions Environmental stress Evapotranspiration Experiments Fungi Growth rate Inoculation Irrigation Mahogany Observatories Performance enhancement Photosynthesis Physiological responses Physiology Planting Resistance Rhizosphere Seedlings Stomata Stomatal conductance Swietenia Swietenia macrophylla Transpiration Tropical environment Tropical environments Water potential |
title | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation as a Climate Adaptation Strategy for Establishment of Swietenia macrophylla King. Seedlings |
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