Vertically Aligned Gold Nanowires as Stretchable and Wearable Epidermal Ion-Selective Electrode for Noninvasive Multiplexed Sweat Analysis

The noninvasive continuous analysis of human sweat is of great significance for improved healthcare diagnostics and treatment in the future, for which a wearable potentiometry-based ion-selective electrode (ISE) has attracted increasing attention, particularly involving ion detection. Note that trad...

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Veröffentlicht in:Analytical chemistry (Washington) 2020-03, Vol.92 (6), p.4647-4655
Hauptverfasser: Zhai, Qingfeng, Yap, Lim Wei, Wang, Ren, Gong, Shu, Guo, Zhirui, Liu, Yiyi, Lyu, Quanxia, Wang, Joseph, Simon, George. P, Cheng, Wenlong
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:The noninvasive continuous analysis of human sweat is of great significance for improved healthcare diagnostics and treatment in the future, for which a wearable potentiometry-based ion-selective electrode (ISE) has attracted increasing attention, particularly involving ion detection. Note that traditional solid-state ISE electrodes are rigid ion-to-electron transducers that are not conformal to soft human skin and cannot function under stretched states. Here, we demonstrated that vertically aligned mushroom-like gold nanowires (v-AuNW) could serve as stretchable and wearable ion-to-electron transducers for multiplexed, in situ potentiometric analysis of pH, Na+, and K+ in sweat. By modifying v-AuNW electrodes with polyaniline, Na ionophore X, and a valinomycin-based selective membrane, we could specifically detect pH, Na+, and K+, respectively, with high selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. Importantly, the electrochemical performance could be maintained even under 30% strain and during stretch-release cycles without the need of extrinsic structural design. Furthermore, our stretchable v-AuNW ISEs could be seamlessly integrated with a flexible printed circuit board, enabling wireless on-body detection of pH, Na+, and K+ with fast response and negligible cross-talk, indicating considerable promise for noninvasive wearable sweat analysis.
ISSN:0003-2700
1520-6882
DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00274