The Effect of Omega-3-enriched Fish oil on the Inflammation of Mice Colon Induced by AOM and DSS: Study on COX-2

Method: 30 Swiss Webster mice divided into 6 groups: (1) Negative control group (KN); (2) test group of fish oil with a dose of 1.5 mg / day (Dose-I); (3) test group of fish oil with a dose of 3 mg / day (Dose-II); (4) solvent-control group of corn oil (KP); (5) Positive control group of aspirin (ASP); (6) Normal group (KNO). Some studies have shown that omega-3 which is one of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can reduce inflammation in humans.6 Omega-3 derived from fish oil are natural ingredients that can be obtained from fish rich in fat, such as salmon, tuna and mackerel.7 Omega-3 have inhibitory action against COX-2 which ultimately inhibits the accumulation of ß-catenin which is considered to play an important role in the development and progression of CRC.8 Omega-3 can act as an alternative substrate of AA in COX-2, causing reduction of formation PGE2. Group I negative control, mice were given induction of AOM and DSS (KN); Group 2 mice were given AOM and DSS, and given fish oil with a dose of 1.5mg (Dose-I); Group 3 mice were given AOM and DSS, and were given fish oil dose of 3mg (Dose-II); Group 4 mice were given AOM and DSS, and were given corn oil as solvent control (KP); Group 5 mice were given AOM and DSS, and were given acetosal (ASP) as a positive control group; Group 6 is a normal group and is not given special treatment. [...]referring to figure 1 above, there is a tendency for suppression of COX-2 expression in the positive control group (ASP, KP) and the fish oil treatment group (Dose-I, Dose-II).This result may be due to the treatment time being too short (6 weeks), compared to study conducted by Kusmardi13 which stated in the second month, there is a decrease in the number of inflammation foci occurred between the control and low dose groups with medium and high dose groups (p