A novel bioactive nanoparticle synthesized by conjugation of 3-chloropropyl trimethoxy silane functionalized Fe3O4 and 1-((3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)-2-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl) hydrazine: assessment on anti-cancer against gastric AGS cancer cells

Gastric cancer is one of the common types of cancer around the world which has few therapeutic options. Nitrogen heterocyclic derivatives such as thiazoles are used as the basis for the progression of the drugs. The objective of this study was to synthesize the 1-((3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methylene)-2-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl) hydrazine (TP) conjugating with (3-Chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane (CPTMOS)-coated Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) for anti-cancer activities against gastric AGS cancer cell line. The synthesized Fe 3 O 4 @CPTMOS/TP NPs were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, EDX, SEM, TEM and Zeta potential analyses. To evaluate the toxicity of the above compound after AGS cell culture in RPMI 1640 medium, the cells were treated at different concentrations for 24 h. The viability of the cells was investigated by MTT assay. Moreover, apoptosis induced by Fe 3 O 4 @CPTMOS/TP NPs was assessed by Hoechst 33432 staining, oxygen activity specification evaluation, caspase - 3 activity assay, cell cycle analysis and annexin V/PI staining followed by flow cytometry analysis. The IC 50 value in AGS cells was estimated to be 95.65 µg/ml. The flow cytometry results of Fe 3 O 4 @CPTMOS/TP NPs revealed a large number of cells in the apoptotic regions compared to the control cells and the cells treated with TP. In addition, the amount of ROS production and caspase-3 activity increased in the treated cells with Fe 3 O 4 @CPTMOS/TP NPs. The percentage of inhibited cancer cells in the G 0 /G 1 phase increased under the treatment in the binding state to the nonionic iron oxide nanoparticles. Overall, this study showed that Fe 3 O 4 @CPTMOS/TP NP had effect on induction of apoptosis and inhibiting the growth of AGS cancer cells. Thus, Fe 3 O 4 @CPTMOS/TP NP can be considered as a new anti-cancer candid for next phase of studies on mouse models.