Room-temperature dissolution and chemical modification of cellulose in aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide–carbamide solutions
The room-temperature dissolution of cellulose in aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) in the presence of carbamides (ureas) was investigated. Without carbamide, 35 wt% TEAOH was able to dissolve cellulose (microcrystalline cellulose) up to 3 wt%, whereas carbamides—such as urea, N -methylure...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Cellulose (London) 2020-03, Vol.27 (4), p.1933-1950 |
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| container_title | Cellulose (London) |
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| creator | Sirviö, Juho Antti Heiskanen, Juha P. |
| description | The room-temperature dissolution of cellulose in aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) in the presence of carbamides (ureas) was investigated. Without carbamide, 35 wt% TEAOH was able to dissolve cellulose (microcrystalline cellulose) up to 3 wt%, whereas carbamides—such as urea,
N
-methylurea,
N
-ethylurea, 1,3-dimethylurea, and imidazolidone—were able to improve the dissolution of cellulose. At 5 wt% cellulose concentration, the highest carbamide contents in the solvent still able to dissolve cellulose within 1 h were 56 and 55 wt% of 1,3-dimethylurea and
N
-methylurea, respectively. When using urea, up to 15% of cellulose could be dissolved in a solution containing 22 wt% of urea. To demonstrate the possibility of the use of a carbamide-based solvent in cellulose modification, cationic cellulose was produced using glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTAC). At a molar ratio of 1:3 of cellulose and GTAC, all the studied TEAOH–carbamide solvents produce cationic cellulose with higher charge density compared to the reference NaOH–urea solvent. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10570-019-02907-x |
| format | Article |
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N
-methylurea,
N
-ethylurea, 1,3-dimethylurea, and imidazolidone—were able to improve the dissolution of cellulose. At 5 wt% cellulose concentration, the highest carbamide contents in the solvent still able to dissolve cellulose within 1 h were 56 and 55 wt% of 1,3-dimethylurea and
N
-methylurea, respectively. When using urea, up to 15% of cellulose could be dissolved in a solution containing 22 wt% of urea. To demonstrate the possibility of the use of a carbamide-based solvent in cellulose modification, cationic cellulose was produced using glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTAC). At a molar ratio of 1:3 of cellulose and GTAC, all the studied TEAOH–carbamide solvents produce cationic cellulose with higher charge density compared to the reference NaOH–urea solvent.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0969-0239</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1572-882X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10570-019-02907-x</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Bioorganic Chemistry ; Carbamides ; Cations ; Cellulose ; Ceramics ; Charge density ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Composites ; Crystalline cellulose ; Dissolution ; Glass ; Natural Materials ; Organic Chemistry ; Original Research ; Physical Chemistry ; Polymer Sciences ; Room temperature ; Solvents ; Sustainable Development ; Ureas</subject><ispartof>Cellulose (London), 2020-03, Vol.27 (4), p.1933-1950</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2019</rights><rights>Cellulose is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-e037ee625ed0a9f1b174a64e851c62298b9a7c91541a9e9875bc2b8723c37ee13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-e037ee625ed0a9f1b174a64e851c62298b9a7c91541a9e9875bc2b8723c37ee13</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7404-3340</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10570-019-02907-x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10570-019-02907-x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sirviö, Juho Antti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heiskanen, Juha P.</creatorcontrib><title>Room-temperature dissolution and chemical modification of cellulose in aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide–carbamide solutions</title><title>Cellulose (London)</title><addtitle>Cellulose</addtitle><description>The room-temperature dissolution of cellulose in aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) in the presence of carbamides (ureas) was investigated. Without carbamide, 35 wt% TEAOH was able to dissolve cellulose (microcrystalline cellulose) up to 3 wt%, whereas carbamides—such as urea,
N
-methylurea,
N
-ethylurea, 1,3-dimethylurea, and imidazolidone—were able to improve the dissolution of cellulose. At 5 wt% cellulose concentration, the highest carbamide contents in the solvent still able to dissolve cellulose within 1 h were 56 and 55 wt% of 1,3-dimethylurea and
N
-methylurea, respectively. When using urea, up to 15% of cellulose could be dissolved in a solution containing 22 wt% of urea. To demonstrate the possibility of the use of a carbamide-based solvent in cellulose modification, cationic cellulose was produced using glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTAC). 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Heiskanen, Juha P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-e037ee625ed0a9f1b174a64e851c62298b9a7c91541a9e9875bc2b8723c37ee13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Bioorganic Chemistry</topic><topic>Carbamides</topic><topic>Cations</topic><topic>Cellulose</topic><topic>Ceramics</topic><topic>Charge density</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Composites</topic><topic>Crystalline cellulose</topic><topic>Dissolution</topic><topic>Glass</topic><topic>Natural Materials</topic><topic>Organic Chemistry</topic><topic>Original Research</topic><topic>Physical Chemistry</topic><topic>Polymer Sciences</topic><topic>Room temperature</topic><topic>Solvents</topic><topic>Sustainable Development</topic><topic>Ureas</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sirviö, Juho Antti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heiskanen, Juha P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Cellulose (London)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sirviö, Juho Antti</au><au>Heiskanen, Juha P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Room-temperature dissolution and chemical modification of cellulose in aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide–carbamide solutions</atitle><jtitle>Cellulose (London)</jtitle><stitle>Cellulose</stitle><date>2020-03-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1933</spage><epage>1950</epage><pages>1933-1950</pages><issn>0969-0239</issn><eissn>1572-882X</eissn><abstract>The room-temperature dissolution of cellulose in aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) in the presence of carbamides (ureas) was investigated. Without carbamide, 35 wt% TEAOH was able to dissolve cellulose (microcrystalline cellulose) up to 3 wt%, whereas carbamides—such as urea,
N
-methylurea,
N
-ethylurea, 1,3-dimethylurea, and imidazolidone—were able to improve the dissolution of cellulose. At 5 wt% cellulose concentration, the highest carbamide contents in the solvent still able to dissolve cellulose within 1 h were 56 and 55 wt% of 1,3-dimethylurea and
N
-methylurea, respectively. When using urea, up to 15% of cellulose could be dissolved in a solution containing 22 wt% of urea. To demonstrate the possibility of the use of a carbamide-based solvent in cellulose modification, cationic cellulose was produced using glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTAC). At a molar ratio of 1:3 of cellulose and GTAC, all the studied TEAOH–carbamide solvents produce cationic cellulose with higher charge density compared to the reference NaOH–urea solvent.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><doi>10.1007/s10570-019-02907-x</doi><tpages>18</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7404-3340</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Bioorganic Chemistry Carbamides Cations Cellulose Ceramics Charge density Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Composites Crystalline cellulose Dissolution Glass Natural Materials Organic Chemistry Original Research Physical Chemistry Polymer Sciences Room temperature Solvents Sustainable Development Ureas |
| title | Room-temperature dissolution and chemical modification of cellulose in aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide–carbamide solutions |
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