Influence of arc interactions on heat and mass transfer during a two-arc hybrid welding

•The heat and mass transfer in two-arc hybrid welding was quantitatively analyzed.•Arc deflection model was deduced to evaluate the interaction of two arcs.•Heat distribution was improved and its peak value was reduced in hybrid welding.•Thermal redistribution in hybrid welding improved weld pool behavior. The quantitative analysis of the heat and mass transfer in weld pool is of great significance for the optimization of welding parameters in manufacturing process with a high-quality weld bead. In this study, the arc deflections caused by the electromagnetic force of two-arc hybrid welding was calculated. The heat source and arc force models of the hybrid welding were proposed considering the influence of the arc deflection and surface deformation of weld pool. Compared with single heat welding, the distributions of the arc heat energy, arc pressure, and arc shear stress in two-arc hybrid welding were studied based on three-dimensional transient computational models. The temperature field and the fluid flow on the upper surface and the longitudinal and cross -sections of the weld pool were analyzed to reveal the heat and mass transfer in workpiece. Experiments were carried out and the results showed that the simulated cross-section weld bead, thermal cycle, temperature field, and flow field agreed well with the experimental values.