"Take this or nothing"

By giving state courts original jurisdiction in most civil cases under federal law, the Judiciary Act of 1789 answered Antifederalist fears for the survival of state courts, which, they said, kept access to justice from becoming a prerogative of the rich, Other Antifederalist proposals eventually were enacted as the FJeventh Amendment (precluding suits against a state by citizens of other states or foreigners, 1798), the Twenty-second (presidents can be elected to only two terms, 1951), and the Twenty-Seventh (precluding Congress from raising its members' pay before an election intervenes, 1992).