Los primeros encuentros entre las huestes de Pizarro y los indígenas: Apuntes para una tipología

(Mi traducción de: "A standard means of pursuing such subjugation was to employ dramatic displays of concentrated violence in order to terrorize a native group and convince them of the efficacy of cooperation with Spanish demands. Mi traducción de: "Cleanliness, as the removal of all natural excrescence from the surface of the body, is thus the essential first step in socializing the interface between self and society, embodied in concrete terms by the skin. The removal of facial and bodily hair carries out this same fundamental objective of transforming the skin from a mere natural envelope of the physical body into a sort of social filter, able to contain within a social form the biological forces and libidinal energies that lie beneath" (Turner, 17-18). Sobre la perforación de los lóbulos de las orejas, Turner dice de los Kayapó "I suggest that the piercing and stretching of these secondary, social *holesin-the-ear' through the early use of earplugs for infants is a metaphor for the socialization of the understanding, the opening of the ears to language and all that that implies ..."