Live TV subtitling through respeaking with remote cutting-edge technology

This article presents an original system for live TV subtitling using respeaking and automatic speech recognition. Unlike several commercially available live subtitling solutions, the technology presented in this article comprises a speech recognition system specifically designed for live subtitling, realizing the full potential of state-of-the-art speech technology. The enhancements implemented in our remote live subtitling system architecture are described and accompanied by real-world parameters obtained during several years of deployment at the public service broadcaster in the Czech Republic. This article also presents our four-phase respeaker training system and some new techniques related to the whole life cycle of live subtitles, such as a method for automatic live subtitle retiming or a technique for live subtitle delay elimination. This article can serve as an inspiration for how to deal with live subtitling, especially in minor languages.