A global test of the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis
Aim The decreasing capacity of area to predict species richness on small islands (the small‐island effect; SIE) seems to be one of the few exceptions of the species–area relationship. While most studies have focused on how to detect the SIE, the underlying ecological factors determining this pattern...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Global ecology and biogeography 2020-02, Vol.29 (2), p.320-330 |
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| creator | Menegotto, André Rangel, Thiago Fernando Schrader, Julian Weigelt, Patrick Kreft, Holger dos Santos, Ana Margarida Coelho |
| description | Aim
The decreasing capacity of area to predict species richness on small islands (the small‐island effect; SIE) seems to be one of the few exceptions of the species–area relationship. While most studies have focused on how to detect the SIE, the underlying ecological factors determining this pattern remain largely unexplored. Here, we evaluate one of the few mechanisms proposed to explain the SIE, the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis, which posits that marine productivity around small islands may alter their expected species richness.
Location
Seven hundred and ninety islands worldwide, including 420 islands |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/geb.13032 |
| format | Article |
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The decreasing capacity of area to predict species richness on small islands (the small‐island effect; SIE) seems to be one of the few exceptions of the species–area relationship. While most studies have focused on how to detect the SIE, the underlying ecological factors determining this pattern remain largely unexplored. Here, we evaluate one of the few mechanisms proposed to explain the SIE, the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis, which posits that marine productivity around small islands may alter their expected species richness.
Location
Seven hundred and ninety islands worldwide, including 420 islands < 1 km2.
Time period
Present.
Major taxa studied
Angiosperms.
Methods
We applied iterative partial regression to determine the effects of island area and marine productivity on plant species richness for islands of varying sizes. We also employed geographically weighted regression to account for non‐stationarity in the marine productivity effects. Lastly, we used estimates of ammonia emissions based on nutrient excretion by seabird colonies from a subset of 66 islands to evaluate the effects of marine resources deposition on angiosperm species richness.
Results
We found no effect of marine productivity on insular species richness, at both regional and global scales. In all models, area emerged as the only predictor of plant species richness. A weak contribution of marine productivity was only detectable in models with a low number of islands, but this effect was independent of island size. Although nutrient deposition significantly contributes to explaining plant diversity, this effect was also independent of island size.
Main conclusions
Our study demonstrates that marine productivity has no general effect on plant species richness of small islands worldwide. Although marine‐derived resources may still contribute to species richness variation, this effect does not seem to be restricted to small islands. Overall, our results do not provide support for the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1466-822X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1466-8238</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/geb.13032</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Ammonia ; Angiosperms ; Aquatic birds ; Biogeography ; Deposition ; Flowers & plants ; Hypotheses ; Island biogeography ; Islands ; Iterative methods ; macroecology ; Marine plants ; Marine resources ; Nutrients ; Plant diversity ; Productivity ; small‐island effect ; spatial subsidy ; Species richness ; Species-area relationship</subject><ispartof>Global ecology and biogeography, 2020-02, Vol.29 (2), p.320-330</ispartof><rights>2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2972-dac7e5bf4c46ba2b08d4c94df1252e8af7f8bd910b692e78d45e33a637868173</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2972-dac7e5bf4c46ba2b08d4c94df1252e8af7f8bd910b692e78d45e33a637868173</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2001-7382 ; 0000-0002-8510-687X ; 0000-0002-2485-3708 ; 0000-0003-4471-8236 ; 0000-0002-8392-211X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fgeb.13032$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fgeb.13032$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids></links><search><contributor>dos Santos, Ana Margarida Coelho</contributor><creatorcontrib>Menegotto, André</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rangel, Thiago Fernando</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schrader, Julian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weigelt, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kreft, Holger</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>dos Santos, Ana Margarida Coelho</creatorcontrib><title>A global test of the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis</title><title>Global ecology and biogeography</title><description>Aim
The decreasing capacity of area to predict species richness on small islands (the small‐island effect; SIE) seems to be one of the few exceptions of the species–area relationship. While most studies have focused on how to detect the SIE, the underlying ecological factors determining this pattern remain largely unexplored. Here, we evaluate one of the few mechanisms proposed to explain the SIE, the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis, which posits that marine productivity around small islands may alter their expected species richness.
Location
Seven hundred and ninety islands worldwide, including 420 islands < 1 km2.
Time period
Present.
Major taxa studied
Angiosperms.
Methods
We applied iterative partial regression to determine the effects of island area and marine productivity on plant species richness for islands of varying sizes. We also employed geographically weighted regression to account for non‐stationarity in the marine productivity effects. Lastly, we used estimates of ammonia emissions based on nutrient excretion by seabird colonies from a subset of 66 islands to evaluate the effects of marine resources deposition on angiosperm species richness.
Results
We found no effect of marine productivity on insular species richness, at both regional and global scales. In all models, area emerged as the only predictor of plant species richness. A weak contribution of marine productivity was only detectable in models with a low number of islands, but this effect was independent of island size. Although nutrient deposition significantly contributes to explaining plant diversity, this effect was also independent of island size.
Main conclusions
Our study demonstrates that marine productivity has no general effect on plant species richness of small islands worldwide. Although marine‐derived resources may still contribute to species richness variation, this effect does not seem to be restricted to small islands. Overall, our results do not provide support for the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis.</description><subject>Ammonia</subject><subject>Angiosperms</subject><subject>Aquatic birds</subject><subject>Biogeography</subject><subject>Deposition</subject><subject>Flowers & plants</subject><subject>Hypotheses</subject><subject>Island biogeography</subject><subject>Islands</subject><subject>Iterative methods</subject><subject>macroecology</subject><subject>Marine plants</subject><subject>Marine resources</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Plant diversity</subject><subject>Productivity</subject><subject>small‐island effect</subject><subject>spatial subsidy</subject><subject>Species richness</subject><subject>Species-area relationship</subject><issn>1466-822X</issn><issn>1466-8238</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kEtLAzEQgIMoWB8H_0HAk4dt89ps9iLUUqtQ8NKDt5Bskm3K2qxJi6y_3uiKN-cyA_PNgw-AG4ymOMestXqKKaLkBEww47wQhIrTv5q8noOLlHYIoZKVfALu57DtglYdPNh0gMHBw9bCdNTJG_9pDfSpU3sDtQ-tDW1U_XaA26EPGUs-XYEzp7pkr3_zJdg8LjeLp2L9snpezNdFQ-qKFEY1lS21Yw3jWhGNhGFNzYzDpCRWKFc5oU2NkeY1sVXulpZSxWkluMAVvQS349o-hvdjflTuwjHu80VJKCOYcFazTN2NVBNDStE62Uf_puIgMZLfdmS2I3_sZHY2sh--s8P_oFwtH8aJL4ThZZk</recordid><startdate>202002</startdate><enddate>202002</enddate><creator>Menegotto, André</creator><creator>Rangel, Thiago Fernando</creator><creator>Schrader, Julian</creator><creator>Weigelt, Patrick</creator><creator>Kreft, Holger</creator><creator>dos Santos, Ana Margarida Coelho</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>C1K</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2001-7382</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8510-687X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2485-3708</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4471-8236</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8392-211X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202002</creationdate><title>A global test of the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis</title><author>Menegotto, André ; Rangel, Thiago Fernando ; Schrader, Julian ; Weigelt, Patrick ; Kreft, Holger ; dos Santos, Ana Margarida Coelho</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2972-dac7e5bf4c46ba2b08d4c94df1252e8af7f8bd910b692e78d45e33a637868173</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Ammonia</topic><topic>Angiosperms</topic><topic>Aquatic birds</topic><topic>Biogeography</topic><topic>Deposition</topic><topic>Flowers & plants</topic><topic>Hypotheses</topic><topic>Island biogeography</topic><topic>Islands</topic><topic>Iterative methods</topic><topic>macroecology</topic><topic>Marine plants</topic><topic>Marine resources</topic><topic>Nutrients</topic><topic>Plant diversity</topic><topic>Productivity</topic><topic>small‐island effect</topic><topic>spatial subsidy</topic><topic>Species richness</topic><topic>Species-area relationship</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Menegotto, André</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rangel, Thiago Fernando</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schrader, Julian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weigelt, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kreft, Holger</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>dos Santos, Ana Margarida Coelho</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Sustainability Science Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Global ecology and biogeography</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Menegotto, André</au><au>Rangel, Thiago Fernando</au><au>Schrader, Julian</au><au>Weigelt, Patrick</au><au>Kreft, Holger</au><au>dos Santos, Ana Margarida Coelho</au><au>dos Santos, Ana Margarida Coelho</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A global test of the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis</atitle><jtitle>Global ecology and biogeography</jtitle><date>2020-02</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>29</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>320</spage><epage>330</epage><pages>320-330</pages><issn>1466-822X</issn><eissn>1466-8238</eissn><abstract>Aim
The decreasing capacity of area to predict species richness on small islands (the small‐island effect; SIE) seems to be one of the few exceptions of the species–area relationship. While most studies have focused on how to detect the SIE, the underlying ecological factors determining this pattern remain largely unexplored. Here, we evaluate one of the few mechanisms proposed to explain the SIE, the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis, which posits that marine productivity around small islands may alter their expected species richness.
Location
Seven hundred and ninety islands worldwide, including 420 islands < 1 km2.
Time period
Present.
Major taxa studied
Angiosperms.
Methods
We applied iterative partial regression to determine the effects of island area and marine productivity on plant species richness for islands of varying sizes. We also employed geographically weighted regression to account for non‐stationarity in the marine productivity effects. Lastly, we used estimates of ammonia emissions based on nutrient excretion by seabird colonies from a subset of 66 islands to evaluate the effects of marine resources deposition on angiosperm species richness.
Results
We found no effect of marine productivity on insular species richness, at both regional and global scales. In all models, area emerged as the only predictor of plant species richness. A weak contribution of marine productivity was only detectable in models with a low number of islands, but this effect was independent of island size. Although nutrient deposition significantly contributes to explaining plant diversity, this effect was also independent of island size.
Main conclusions
Our study demonstrates that marine productivity has no general effect on plant species richness of small islands worldwide. Although marine‐derived resources may still contribute to species richness variation, this effect does not seem to be restricted to small islands. Overall, our results do not provide support for the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1111/geb.13032</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2001-7382</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8510-687X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2485-3708</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4471-8236</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8392-211X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Ammonia Angiosperms Aquatic birds Biogeography Deposition Flowers & plants Hypotheses Island biogeography Islands Iterative methods macroecology Marine plants Marine resources Nutrients Plant diversity Productivity small‐island effect spatial subsidy Species richness Species-area relationship |
| title | A global test of the subsidized island biogeography hypothesis |
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