Outcomes of intentional perforation of the maxillary sinus floor during implant placement: A single-center, prospective study in 57 subjects

Context: An essential precondition for successful implant therapy is the presence of an adequate quantity and quality of bone. Aims: The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate the bone formation around the dental implants which were placed at different depths into the maxillary sinus by intentional perforation of maxillary sinus floor during implant placement and its effect on implant survival rate. Settings and Design: A total of 86 implants of varying dimensions were placed in maxillary premolar and molar region by intentional perforation of the maxillary sinus floor during implant placement in 57 patients. Subjects and Methods: They were divided into three groups G1, G2, and G3 based on the depth of penetration into the maxillary sinus (region by [IS] compartment) (IS-G1-1 mm; G2-2 mm; G3-3 mm). The following parameters were evaluated-torque, bone density, and bone fill after 6 months of implant placement. Statistical Analysis Used: The comparison among groups for repeated measures data was made by ANOVA repeated measures test. The correlation between two parameters, i.e., torque and bone fill was done by Karl Pearson's correlation test Results: No significant differences were observed among the three groups for torque, bone fill, and bone density from baseline to 6 months. The correlation between torque and bone fill revealed R = 0.198, P = 0.293 which was statistically insignificant Conclusions: There were minimal failure rates and complications observed at the end of the study period. The survival rate of implants was not influenced either by torque or by the depth of penetration of implant into the maxillary sinus.