Histological pattern on pancreas and liver of diabetic rats after treatment of eugenol isolated from leaves of Syzygium aromaticum

Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol), the major secondary metabolite of clove (Syzygiumaromaticum) has been widely used in medicine due to its biological properties. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of eugenol on the fasting blood glucose (FBG)and histological pattern of pancreas and liver of alloxan-diabetic rats. Eugenol was extracted and isolated from cloves leaves oil and further was screened by in vivo model of diabetic rats. Diabetic condition was induced with alloxan monohydrate (125 mg/kgbw, iv). Rats were divided into five groups: eugenol with 3 serial doses of 5 mg/kgbw (D1), 10 mg/kgbw(D2), 15 mg/kgbw (D3); positive control-glibenclamid 1.35 mg/kgbw (D4); normal control (D5) and negative control-CMC-Na 0,5% (D6). The treatments were performed daily for 15 days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level of D1 to D5 before treatment was404, 363, 319, 313, and 113 mg/dL, respectively; and after 15 days was reduced to be 294, 181, 97, 112, and 94 mg/dL, respectively. Statistically, blood glucose reduction of D1, D2, and D3 were significant (P>0,05) compared to positive control. D3 seems to be effective dose causinghypoglycaemic. Histological studies of pancreas and liver indicated that D3 mayimprove the morphology of Langerhans and liver into normal condition.