Three lateral flow immunochromatographic assays based on different nanoparticle probes for on-site detection of tylosin and tilmicosin in milk and pork

[Display omitted] •Three kinds of LFIAs were established, which relied on the application of CG, blue LMs, and red TrFMs signal probes.•The three LFIAs can simultaneously detect TYL and TIM in milk and pork.•The sample preparation is simple and fast, and the results can be acquired within 5–8 min.•The three LFIAs could provide effective, and multi-selective technical support for the on-site determination of macrolide antibiotics In this study, colloidal gold (CG), latex microspheres (LM), and time-resolved fluorescent microsphere (TrFM), were utilized as the antibody labeled tracers in three kinds of lateral flow immunochromatographic assays (LFIAs), which were established to detect tylosin (TYL) and tilmicosin (TIM) residues in milk and pork. The cut-off values of the CG-LFIA, LM-LFIA, and TrFM-LFIA for TYL in milk were 8, 4, and 2 ng/mL, respectively, and that for pork were 15, 8, and 4 μg/kg, respectively. The sample preparation of the three LFIAs is simple and fast, and the results can be acquired within 5–8 min. The three LFIAs have a strong cross-reaction to TIM and can be applied to simultaneously detect TIM. Forty milk samples were analyzed by both the three LFIAs and LC–MS/MS, the results showed a good correlation between the four methods, and no false positive or false negative results were found, indicating that the developed three assays could provide rapid, reliable, and multi-selective technical support for the on-site determination of macrolide antibiotics or other pollutants residues in a considerable amount of samples.