Dry powder inhalers: upcoming platform technologies for formulation development

[...]satisfactory drug-delivery performance is defined by the fundamental cohesive-adhesive balance within the drug and carrier molecule. [...]DPIs therapeutic performance is also governed by carrier morphology, device configuration and disease progression (9,10). Garcia et al. engineered zanamivir microparticles using PRINT technology, which demonstrated a 3.19-fold improvement in fine particle fraction (FPF) compared with conventional DPI (12). [...]an in vivo lung deposition study demonstrated that PRINT aerosols (lactose:albumin:leucine; 64:32:4) tagged with technetium-99 displayed uniform lung deposition with good control over mass median aerodynamic diameter (1.5μm) (12). [...]the unique features of PRINT may facilitate a remarkable transformation in particle morphology for improved pulmonary drug delivery. [...]adequate strength from working scientists, their insights and the diversity of scientific domain, needs to be cultured to continue the fight against pulmonary diseases.