CRISPR/Cas9 technology for targeted genome editing

CRISPRs (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) are the segments of prokaryotic DNA containing short repeats in its nucleotide sequence. Today we know that this is a bacterial protection system against viral DNA. The molecular components of CRISPR/Cas9 system have been used for a gene editing in eukaryotes since 2013. But as any other method it also has the limitations and drawbacks. Here we are going to review the history of CRISPR biology and to discuss the possibilities that this new technology provides to researchers as well as the prospects for its use in the medical research and treatment.