Study of the Structure of Cobalt-Containing Catalysts Synthesized under Subcritical Conditions

A physicochemical study of cobalt-containing (10 wt %) silica-supported Fischer–Tropsch catalysts was carried out. The catalysts were obtained under subcritical conditions ( T = 200°C, P = 8 MPa) using water ( T c = 374.1°C, P c = 22.1 MPa) and propanol-2 ( T c = 235.6°C, P c = 5.8 MPa). The obtained samples were compared with a 10 wt % Co/SiO 2 catalyst prepared by incipient-wetness impregnation. Comparison of the properties of catalysts in the liquid-phase Fischer–Tropsch synthesis showed that the sample prepared in subcritical water was the most active and selective to aliphatic C 6 –C 7 hydrocarbons. This sample is characterized by a high surface area (131.7 m 2 /g), a uniform distribution of particles in the active phase with an average size of 5 nm and higher accessibility of cobalt species for reagents. According to XPS data, the composition of catalyst active phase is mainly represented by two compounds: Co(OH) 2 and Co 3 O 4 .