Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Malay Version of the Confusion, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS-6) among Myocardial Infarction Survivors in a Malaysian Cardiac Healthcare Facility

Keywords: Malay, myocardial infarction, psychometrics, validity and reliability Introduction People who have survived chronic lifethreatening illnesses are often confronted with multiple physical and psychological stressors: unemployment, homelessness, poverty, noise, overcrowding, reduced social support and deteriorating mental status, among others (13). [...]studies that are suitable for comparing with the findings of the current study are warranted. Because Malaysia has high rates of cardiovascular diseases (24), this instrument may be used to understand the association of chaos with non-adherence with clinical practice (4), prompting caregivers and policymakers to identify individuals with chaotic lives as potentially being non-adherent to agreed treatment plans. Human health is strongly influenced by the environment in which people live-the healthy face greater risks of becoming sick, while the sick become more ill due to poverty, poor housing, noise, rapid urbanisation, pollution, rare neighbourhood integration, elevated frustrations regarding socio-financial decline, perceived insecurity and unemployment following illness, any or all of which may impede rapid recuperation from sickness by hindering people's ability to manage or organise their lives (3). Conflict of Interests None declared Funds None Authors' Contributions Conception and design: KG Analysis and interpretation of the data: KG Drafting of the article: KG Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: AR Final approval of the article: AR Administrative, technical and logistic support: KS Collection and assembly of data: KG, KS Correspondence Dr Kurubaran Ganasegeran Masters in Health Research (Postgraduate Student) Department of Public Health Medicine, Penang Medical College, 10450 George Town, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.