Processes of Low-Frequency and Infra-Low-Frequency Polarization in Ferroelectric Ceramics (1 – x)Ba0.95Pb0.05TiO3 + xCo2O3

The processes of low-frequency and infra-low-frequency polarization in solid solutions (1 ‒ х ) Ba 0.95 Pb 0.05 TiO 3 + х Со 2 О 3 ( x = 0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 1; 2 wt %) prepared using conventional ceramic technology are studied at a wide range of temperatures. It is shown that adding cobalt (Co) substantially alters the thermal anomalies of the dielectric properties of samples and shifts the temperature of the ferroelectric phase transition. Data on the dielectric response in the samples are compared to the behavior of the elastic properties of ceramics at different contents of impurities. It is established that the disordering of the ceramic structure increases as Co is added. The domain component, which determines the main contribution from low-frequency polarization, is greatly reduced, and the nature of the dielectric non-linearity of the material is determined by inducing a macroscopic polar state from the microscopic state (the accumulation of polar nanodomains and phase boundaries).