İmplantasyon Sürecinde Embriyo, Endometriyum Farklanması ve Moleküler Yolaklar

The implantation process involves mutual interaction between the blastocyst and the endometrium, which should result in a short window period. In this process, the blastocyst approaches to the surface of the endometrium, tightly connects and invades the endometrium. For successful implantation; three important components are required. First; a good quality of embryo who is programmed and has got cell growth and differentiation, the second; endometrium (endometrial receptivity) has potential for variability that allows implantation and the third; it is the exchange of information between the endometrium and the embryo, called cross-talk. Several factors, including hormones, cytokines, prostaglandins and adhesion molecules, are involved in this interaction. The lack of one or more of these factors leads to the implantation failure and thus to infertility. Therefore, knowing the molecular pathways involved in the implantation process will contribute to the research of the etiology and the treatment process for those applying for assisted reproductive techniques. In this review; the molecular pathways in the differentiation of embryo and endometrium and cross-talk in the implantation process will be elaborated.