Spontaneous magnetization of the vacuum and the strength of the magnetic field in the hot Universe

Intergalactic magnetic fields are assumed to have been spontaneously generated at the reheating stage of the early Universe, due to vacuum polarization of non-Abelian gauge fields at high temperature. The fact that the screening mass of this type of fields has zero value was discovered recently. A procedure to estimate their field strengths, B ( T ), at different temperatures is here developed, and the value B ( T ew )∼10 14 G at the electroweak phase transition temperature is derived by taking into consideration the present value of the intergalactic magnetic field strength, B 0 ∼10 −15 G, coherent on the ∼1 Mpc scale. As a particular case, the standard model is considered and the field scale at high temperature is estimated in this case. Model-dependent properties of the phenomena under investigation are briefly discussed, too.