Learners' Attention Preferences of Information in Online Learning: An Empirical Study Based on Eye-Tracking

Purpose: This study aims to use eye-tracking technology to conduct an empirical study about online learning process analysis, thus aiming to understand the attentional preferences and learning paths in online learners. Design/methodology/approach: With eye movement tracking and data analysing technology, the Tobii X120 eye-tracking instrument, Tobii studio and online learning platform are used to record and visualise data of eye moving and learning steps during the real task-based online learning processes of 14 online learners. According to Barbara A. Soloman's learning style classification framework, these learners' learning style was presented in four dimensions. Based on data of eye moving, leaning style and operation in online course, the correlation about learners' preferences of learning content, online learning paths and learning style were analysed based on according data. Findings: The paper provides empirical insights about how change is brought about during online learning. It is found that there is no significant difference in attention preference between the students with the difference on the learning style of visual-verbal, although each person has a different attention preference on the learning content. Research limitations/implications: The limitation of this study is that only one common type of video learning process is studied. The learning process of various types of instructional videos in online learning will be done in future research. Practical implications: In this study, eye-movement tracking technology is used to understand students' learning path and learning preference in the online learning process, which is helpful to optimise the online learning process and improve the efficiency of online learning. Social implications: This research findings have been approved by relevant experts and have won the first prize in the school-level competition of South China Normal University in China. Originality/value: In this study, the technology of psychology (eye-tracking technology) is introduced into the study of real task-based online learning process in the subject of educational technology, realising the integration of multi-disciplinary research techniques and methods.