An experimental work on the effect of injection molding parameters on the cavity pressure and product weight

The injection molding process is one of the most efficient processes where mass production through automation is feasible and products with complex geometry at low cost are easily attained. In this study, an experimental work is performed on the effect of injection molding parameters on the polymer pressure inside the mold cavity. Also, the effect of these parameters on the final products' weight is studied. Different process parameters of the injection molding are considered during the experimental work (packing pressure, packing time, injection pressure, injection time, and injection temperature). Two polymer materials are used during the experimental work (polystyrene (PS) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE)). The mold cavity has a cuboidal form with two different thicknesses. The cavity pressure is measured with time by using pressure Kistler sensor at different injection molding cycles. The results indicate that the cavity pressure and product weight increase with an increase in the packing pressure, packing time, and injection pressure for all the analyzed polymers. They also show that the increase of the filling time decreases the cavity pressure and decreases the product weight in case of PS and LDPE. The results show that the increase of packing pressure by 100 % increases the cavity pressure 50 % in the case of PS and 70 % in the case of LDPE. They also show that the increase of injection pressure by 60 % increases the cavity pressure 36 % in case of PS and 90 % in case of LDPE at an injection temperature of 220 °C. The results indicate that process parameters have an effect on the product weight for LDPE greater than PS. The results obtained specify well the developing of the cavity pressure inside the mold cavity during the injection molding cycles.