Influence of the cutting fluid on process energy demand and surface roughness in grinding—a technological, environmental and economic examination

The grinding process is characterized by a large number of undefined cutting edges that are simultaneously in contact with the workpiece to achieve a fine surface finish and a high geometrical accuracy. To enable an efficient grinding process, the application of cutting fluids is an indispensable factor. This investigation shows that—depending on the cutting fluid composition—the fluid has varying influence on the achieved technological results and on the energy consumption of the process. Therefore, it is important to identify a cutting fluid which balances technological, environmental and economic requirements. Against this background, this paper investigates the technological influence of different cutting fluids regarding the achieved surface roughness and consumed energy. On the basis of experimental data, regression models are derived and used to evaluate the environmental and economic impact. As significant extension of the state of research equation-based models for the relationship of cutting fluids and energy demand as well as quantitative indications of saving potentials are provided.