An efficient algorithm for propagating fluid-driven fractures

This paper presents an efficient finite element algorithm for propagating fluid-driven fractures in pressure sensitive geomaterials. Fluid flow in the fracture is modelled by lubrication theory. Rock deformation is assumed to be elastoplastic and dilatent. A cohesive model based on the softening behaviour of rocks is employed as the propagation criterion. A special continuation method based on the volume of injected fluid in the fracture is used for direct coupling of the fluid-flow with rock deformation and for driving the solution during propagation. Sample results are provided for the problem of hydraulic fracturing to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.