Dual-surface modification of titanium alloy with anodizing treatment and bioceramic particles for enhancing prosthetic devices

In this work, two strategies of surface modification of metallic biomedical implants are presented. An anodizing treatment onto titanium surface to enhance a barrier effect for minimizing corrosion and a bioactivation of the surface by the application of sol–gel coatings containing bioactive particles from the 45S5 Bioglass ® family doped with strontium was done. The substitution of calcium by strontium (Sr) generates a local controlled release of Sr-ion to the media. Strontium is known to reduce osteoclasts activity and stimulate bone formation. Surface analysis methods as micro-Raman spectroscopy, AC/DC electrochemical tests, X-ray diffraction and different microcopies were used for determining chemical reactions and integrity in simulated body fluid solution. The deposition and dispersion of the bioactive particles in the coatings were analyzed by digital image processing tools. The presence of apatite-related compounds was confirmed by the appearance of characteristic phosphate peak at 960 cm −1 (Raman). The integrity and protection of the coating were evaluated electrochemically. The applied coating system provided a good protection of the bare metal to the aggressive fluids, even after 30 days of immersion, where the dissolution of the bioactive particles without and with Sr, and deposition of phosphate-related compounds are taking place.