Study of extraction of phytosterol from masson pine [Pinus massoniana] raw tall oil

The conditions for the extraction of phytosterol from masson pine raw tall oil were studied by experimenting with the procedural steps that included saponification, extraction, crystallization, and recrystallization. The influences of alkali dosage, saponifying temperature, saponifying time, and variety and dosage of extracting agent on the yield of unsaponifiables were investigated. The effects of various solvents used for removing residual soap from unsaponifiables and the effects of crystallization temperature, time, and solvent on the yield and composition of crystal in the processes of crystallization and recrystallization were examined to determine suitable technical conditions. The phytosterol obtained using optimal conditions contained 92% β-sitosterol and 8% campesterol. Its melting point and yield were 135.7°–136.8°C and 0.54% (based on the weight of crude tall oil), respectively.