Aripiprazole attenuates the discriminative-stimulus and subject-rated effects of D-amphetamine in humans

The results of animal research suggest that the use of partial agonists at dopamine (DA) D2 receptors may be an effective strategy for the treatment of stimulant dependence. Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic that has partial agonist activity at D2 receptors. In this experiment, seven human participants with a history of nontherapeutic stimulant use learned to discriminate 15 mg oral D-amphetamine. After acquiring the discrimination (ie > or =80% correct responding on four consecutive sessions), the effects of a range of doses of D-amphetamine (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 mg), alone and in combination with aripiprazole (0 and 20 mg), were assessed. D-Amphetamine alone functioned as a discriminative stimulus, produced prototypical subject-rated drug effects (eg increased ratings of Active, Alert, Energetic) and elevated cardiovascular indices. These effects were generally a function of dose. Aripiprazole alone did not occasion D-amphetamine-appropriate responding or produce subject-rated effects, but modestly impaired performance. Administration of aripiprazole significantly attenuated the discriminative-stimulus and cardiovascular effects of D-amphetamine, as well as some of the subject-rated drug effects. These data are consistent with previous preclinical findings and suggest that DA partial agonists deserve further evaluation as potential pharmacotherapies in the management of stimulant dependence. Future studies should investigate the ability of aripiprazole or related compounds to attenuate the behavioral effects of stimulants associated with a greater degree of dependence, such as methamphetamine or cocaine, in dependent individuals.