Doctors and Torture / DR LIFTON REPLIES

Winkenwerder et al. deny any evidence of "final" death certificates being falsified. But Human Rights Watch has documented changes made in death certificates, in one case from an initial attribution of death to "natural causes" to a more accurate reference to "asphyxia due to smothering and chest compression" with "evidence of blunt force trauma to the chest and legs."3 Similarly, Dr.