Observation of internal stress in the machine tool and work during three dimensional cutting

We studied the internal stress field during three-dimensional cutting using the photoelastic method. Internal stress data were obtained with a polarizing high-speed camera and expressed as birefringence and azimuthal angle. First, transparent PMMA was cut two-dimensionally with a glass tool and the obtained photoelastic data were validated. Then, three-dimensional cutting was performed. The work was moved toward the high-speed polarizing camera and images were obtained from the other side of the rake face. The results indicated birefringence was separated in both the cutting direction and feed direction when the approach angle was decreased. Furthermore, the relations between the cutting conditions and birefringence and azimuthal angle were determined.