A view to educational reforms and the formation of citizenship in Bolivia (century XX and XXI)
The article takes a historical look at the educational reforms implemented in Bolivia with reference to the formation of citizenship. For this purpose historical research was used and the bibliographic review was used to collect, describe and analyze the written sources. This in order to understand...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Alteridad (Cuenca, Ecuador) Ecuador), 2017-07, Vol.12 (2), p.144 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng ; spa |
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Zusammenfassung: | The article takes a historical look at the educational reforms implemented in Bolivia with reference to the formation of citizenship. For this purpose historical research was used and the bibliographic review was used to collect, describe and analyze the written sources. This in order to understand the relationship between State, education and citizenship, which identifies two aspects that guide educational policies and the formation of citizenship. In this way, we can also elucidate the types of citizens who projected these educational reforms in Bolivia during the 20th century: the liberal (1899-1920), the nationalist (1954-1964) and the neoliberal (1994-2004); And in the 21st century, the sociocommunity. In each of these reforms there are common characteristics, on the one hand, there is the centralization of public education at the hands of the State; On the other hand, the role given to education for civic formation and the construction of national identity, in this case Bolivianity; For example, for the indigenous majority was their assimilation to the national culture and homogenization, through education.Likewise, each reform sought the formation of a citizenship; In the case of the liberal raised the Bolivian identity; The nationalist point towards miscegenation as a citizen, neoliberal ideal for the construction of a pluricultural and multilingual citizenship; And the sociocommunity towards an intercultural and decolonized citizenship. El artículo realiza una mirada histórica a las reformas educativas aplicadas en Bolivia con referencia a la formación de la ciudadanía. Para ello se recurrió a la investigación histórica y se utilizó la revisión bibliográfica para recopilar, describir y analizar las fuentes escritas. Esto con el fin de comprender la relación entre Estado, educación y ciudadanía, en la que se identifica dos vertientes que orientan las políticas educativas y la formación de la ciudadanía. Como también el dilucidar los tipos de ciudadano que proyectaron estas reformas educativas en Bolivia durante el siglo XX: la liberal (1899-1920), la nacionalista (1954-1964) y la neoliberal (1994-2004); y en el siglo XXI, la sociocomunitaria. En cada una de estas reformas existen características comunes, por un lado, se tiene la centralización de la educación pública a manos del Estado; por otro lado, el rol otorgado a la educación para la formación cívica y la construcción de la identidad nacional, en este caso la bolivianidad; por ejemplo, para l |
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ISSN: | 1390-325X 1390-8642 |
DOI: | 10.17163/alt.v12n2.2017.01 |