Diversity and Classification of Soil Fungi in Main Peanut Producing Areas of China

[...]few studies have reported on the floristic analysis and species diversity of peanut soils. [...]the purpose of this experiment was to systematically analyze the species and diversity of soil fungi in the main planting areas of peanut in order to have a deep understanding of the composition, types and diversity of fungi in peanut soils, which was of important referential significance for the study and control of various pest diseases of peanut. Materials and Methods Peanut soil sample collection From March to October, 2014, a total of 105 soil samples were collected using five-point sampling method111 from different peanut planting areas from 15 districts and counties in 11 provinces and cities in China, namely Daming and Fengnan of Hebei, Zhu madian of Henan, Shaoyang of Hunan, Liaocheng, Guanxian and Gaotang of Shandong, Baicheng of Jilin, Yangluo of Hubei, Xichong of Sichuan, Baodi of Tianjin, Fuxin of Liaoning, Dingrang of Shanxi, Fengjie nd Shizhu of Fengjie hen collecting, remove the surface soil and covered fallen leaves and branches, and soil samples were collected in the rhizosphere of plants at the depth of 3-8 cm and then the soil samples collected at 5 points were mixed together, and rapidly put into the sterile plastic bags for fungi isola tion and culture. Among the isolated and identified fungi, there were a considerable number of potential Trichoderma and Gliocladium species which had biocontrol capacity, especially the fungi of Trichoderma, which had great potential in preventing peanut soil-borne diseases. Since there are great differences in the physical and chemical properties, varieties and climate in the soils of the vast peanut producing areas in China, which will inevitably cause the differences in the types and quantities of soil fungi. [...]a considerable portion of fungi in artificial media conditions do not produce reproductive structure or fruiting bodies, or lose the sporulation capacity after subculture, so some soil fungi can not be com- pletely i solated. [...]although the species of fungi in peanut soils in the main peanut producing areas in our study was basically clear, it could not yet fully reveal the diversity, species distribution and flora of soil fung·, wh·ch needs further study ·n combination with molecular biology techniques.