A flexible simulation tool for manufacturing-cell design, II: response surface analysis and case study

We present a two-phase approach to design and analysis of manufacturing cells based on simulated experimentation and response surface methodology using a general manufacturing-cell simulation model. The first phase involves factor-screening simulation experiments to identify design and operational factors that have a significant effect on cell performance as measured by a comprehensive annual cost function. In the second phase of experimentation, we construct simulation (response surface) meta-models to describe the relationship between the significant cell design and operational factors (the controllable input parameters) and the resulting simulation-based estimate of expected annual cell cost (the output response). We use canonical and ridge analyses of the estimated response surface to estimate the levels of the quantitative input factors that minimize the cell's expected annual cost. We apply this methodology to an assembly cell for printed circuit boards. Compared to the current cell operating policy, the simulation metamodel-based estimate of the optimum operating policy is predicted to yield average annual savings of approximately $425 000, which is a 20% reduction in annual cost. In a companion paper, we detail the structure and operation of the manufacturing-cell simulation model.