Blockage of thoracoabdominal nerves through perichondrial approach (TAPA) for surgical anesthesia after failed erector spinae plane block in mini-laparatomy

A 58-year-old male with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented with acute cholangitis and pericholecystic abscess. The successful use of ESPB has been previously reported for surgical anesthesia in ileostomy closure and inguinal hernia repair [2,4]. Regional anesthesia techniques are recommended in patients with end stage pulmonary disease as general anesthesia may lead to serious morbidity and mortality even in minor surgical procedures [5].