QCM response to solvated, tethered marcomolecules

When the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is operated in contact with solution and used to detect inertia increases caused by macromolecules binding to its surface, resonance frequency shifts are reported in the literature to be greater than, less than, and the same as an identical macromolecular mass would cause as a dry layer. A previous report of wet and dry M13 DNA giving the same, linear frequency versus mass response is examined.