Particle simulation of rarefied aeropass maneuvers of the Magellan spacecraft

A vectorized particle simulation method is used to compute rarefied and free molecular flowfields corresponding to the proposed aeropass maneuvers of the Magellan spacecraft through the atmosphere of Venus. The fundamentals of the particle simulation method are reviewed, and the specifications employed in simulating the Magellan flow are discussed, including body geometry, flowfield conditions, and models for surface heat transfer and molecular interactions. Results are presented for each periapsis altitude. It is concluded that the flowfield about the Magellan spacecraft during its aeropass maneuvers at acceptable altitudes is nearly free molecular. (AIAA)